Apparatus for making bands of artificial fibers



May 5, 1931. A. KAMP 1,803,475

APPARATUS FOR MAKING BANDS OF ARTIFICIAL FiBERS Filed Feb. 18. 1928 ZSheetS-Sheet 1 fig) May 5, 1.931. A 1,803,475

APPARATUS FOR MAKING BANDS OF AR'TIFICIAL FIBERS Filed Feb. 18, 1928 2Sheets-Sheet -2 Patented May 5,

- UNITED. sr-A'rss PATENT, osrrcs AIDOIJ! isms, or rnmmm wns'rnvnnmn,em, assrenoa we I. e. rnnn'mv- IN'DUSTBIE AKTIINGISELSCHAIT, OF

CDBPORATION OI GERMANY IRAII'KI'ORT-ON' DHE-W, GERMANY, A

arrana'rus 'ron mute mm or urn-rem mans Application filed February 18,1988, Serial Io. 256,478, and in Germany Ian-ch 5, 1827.

In the artificial fiber industry attempts have been made to'makeproducts from. staple fiber on the usual machinery used for massproduction, but no commercial result has been attained. The reason forthis isthat the apparatus which has been used for the pu ose 7 isinappropriate and that, in part depen ent on this, the product is ofdefective quahty;

In the processes proposed there have been used as drawing devices windinreels, centrifugal drums, bobbins, or dra rollers, by means of which thethreads or groups of threads ejected from the individual spinningnozzles have been drawn from the precipitation bath for subsequentlyreeling or deposi-' tion in a collecting vessel.

From a commercial point of view there is the objection that thecollecting devices must be changed in comparatively rapid. succession.For this purpose and for the further transfer of the collected mass offiber to the quired: With regar larly the spinner of the finest yarns,after careful and costly selection by hand on the part of expert women,and even then a satisfactorily clean material cannot be guaranteed.

A further disadvantage belongs to'those fibrous products which have beenobtained by cutting the hanks collected on reels or drums andsubsequently manipulating them 1n the form of lengths, namely that it isimpowble to avoid fraying and felting together of the ends of thelengths. There follows 1n the carding machine a series of obviousdlsadvantages.

If the spinner wants a band which can be mac e, for instance the cardingmachine, he must have a titer (thickness) as far as possible constant.To this requirement for qllllahty must be added the necessity for the ceapest possible conditions for mass product on, mvolving, among otherthings, the ehmlnation of wages as far as possible.

v The present invention solves the problem of attaining the aforesaidrequirements. The essentials of the invention may be stated as follows,with reference to the accompanying drawlngs m which Fig. 1 is adiagrammatic elevatlon and Fig. 2 a plan of a machine for making theprimary fibrous product. Fig. 3 1s a detail vlew; Fig. 4 is a sectionalelevatlon of a palrofwinding drums drawn to an enlarged scale, and Figs.5 and 6 are detail sectional views also drawn to an enlargedl scale.

(1) A strong band of fibers is formed by leadmg the bundles of threadsissuing from the several spinning nozzles on their way,

thlrlough the spinning bath as nearly as poss1 e (the longitudinal axisof the spinning table) n order that theymay be further conducted 1nroomy, open, stationary thread guides (A in F1gure'3), arrangedsubstantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the spin- Aningtubes. Very long partitions (C, C) are provlded between the spinningnozzle (B, B) in orderthat Imperfect fibers issuing from improperlyoperatin'g nozzles may be separated om the fibersissuing from theadjacent nozzles. The deslred length is afiorded by the arrangement 'ofthe partitions as parallel as possible'to the longitudinal direction ofthe spinning table.

When air pressure is used for causing the viscose to flow there is nocontinuously rotatmg part in the spinning apparatus. The sp nn ngmachine is reduced merely to the spinning (D. D). By the parallelguiding 1t 1s Intended and attained that the ,bath shall be very narrow,whereby both the parallel to the series of spinning tubes progglssivelyfed to the preparatory textile I bundle of fibers and thespinning table are madaas easily accessible as possible. The spinningtables may be constructed of an length and very close to each other, forexyioo ' ample at a distance of 1 metre. At each head end of a spinningtable or in common to a whole group of spinning tables, oratboth places,there is an auxiliary draft reel (E), on which merely at the starting ofthe whole system or of a single series of nozzles the spinning isconducted until all the fiber bundles of the corresponding spinning.table or tables have become united to a band on the reel.

(2) The fiber runs throughout the whole progress of the manufacture fromthe exit of the nozzles to the delivery of the band in a purified anddried condition as an endless band composed of parallel and, as far aspossible, endless fibers, in one uninterrupted course, any check orstopping of the band bein' avoided as faras possible. 7 i

' (3 Correspondingly to the high mechanical exertion the band issubmitted to as well as to make the most of an economical utilization ofthe apparatus a relatively high titer is produced, for example of 50,000to 100,000

or more deniers. Such is possible because no accumulation occurs.

(4) A further new feature'of the invention resides in the fact thatbetween the auxiliary draft wheel and the subsequent washing bath thereis a comparatively long distance (F-G) through which the band must run.This distance, in which the band runs over a suction and draining trough(H) at a height suitable for manipulation above the floor, is providedfor the purpose of giving the spinner, both when the whole apparatus isstarted and also duringthe changing of the several groups of nozzles,.time and opportunity to clean the newly arriving threads, eitherdirectly or after previous short draft on the auxiliary draft roller,from all portions of fiber of varying titer which are unavoidable in thespinning operation, and to splice this bundle of threads with the mainthreads in order that it may share the forward movement without in anyway being damaged. It is especially necessary for this purpose that thesplicing should be possible with avoidance of free projecting ends. -Atravelling platform J is provided for the operator. I r

Besides afiording the possibility for this manual treatment the longstretch of the any other manipulation than thatwhi'ch is necessary forthe continuous preparation ."of.

the band is compensated the washing liquid and for superintending theapparatus. v

The said automatic washing operation according tothe invention occursessentially while the band is passing in numerous turns over pairs ofdrums (K, K) or quite generally groups of drums, made of enameled ironor the like. The band is led over or around the drums or pulleys with aspeed suited to the spinning operation and increased or diminishedinlimited degree only by shrinkage and stretching. (stretching is to beavoided as far as possible). In this manner the band is brought intointimate contact with the washing liquid in general on the tan entialportions of the path, and the liquid ta en up is in part again expressedon the pe'ripheral portions of the path owing to the pressure of theband against the surface of the drum. In this manner there is produced avery vigorous alternating action of the liquid on the fibers.

The peculiar and novel action of the washing and drying device is asfollows (5) The drums or pulleys have a large diameter, for example 80centimetres or more. The effect of this is that 'a chance adheringthread end, before it arrives at thectangential path leaving the drum,has time to be torn loose on the periphery of the drum.

In order to prevent adhesion and twisting, the drums are internallyheated by steam or a liquid. By means of the steam thus gen- 1 erated onthe heated wall of the drum, any serious adhesion of the threads isprevented. The further advantages of the large drum are as follows Owingto the large diameter of the drum the total heating effect within thewashing and drying apparatus is increased. The number of rotations isdiminished, as is de-- sirable, and slipping of the band on the drum isavoided. A still more important good effect of the large diameterdrum-is that the curvature of the band is comparativelysmall, so thatthe band can be kept in the desired stretched condition. Repeatedpassing of the band over rollers or the like of small diameter producesan objectionable buckling and entangling of the mass of fibers.

(6) As regards the variations of the length of the band which occurduring the washing and drying operation, the invention provides that theperipheries of the drums over which theendless band passes in successionshall increase or diminish at the places where the changes of lengthoccur, that is to' say, ar-

ticularly du'ringthe removal of acid and ing, this change of peripherybeing in proportion to the variation of length. For this purpose,however, the change of length is taken into consideration only in partand in respect of the ripheral speed.- Any injurious effect of t eshortening or stretching of I in accordance-with the invent on bysubjecting the thread the shrinkings Laoaeve tangential parts of itspath, in which parts there is shrinkage or stretching, to an increasingor decreasing bending, having regard to the breaking angle. This bendingmay be 5 produced by a roller system arran ed in the manner of a belttightener. Accor ing to the invention, however, there are used,-w1thadvantage to the washing efl'ect, rails having ribs which act on theband like a comb, these surfaces for instance of porcelain or enamelediron On these rails the travelling band is subdivided throughout itscross section very favourably for inter enetration of the washing orother liquid ig. 5, 0,0, 0). Preferably the rails are hollow and the projections or ribs (N, N Fig. 5) are formed as sprayingnozzles. These combbars are provided laterally with spring balances which show the tensionexerted on the band, or instead of such spring balances the rails may beconnected with counter-weights (O, 0, Fig. l) suspended over. rollers.

The up r drum of a pair of drums or the topmost rum of a group of drumsmay be capable of a rising and falling movement, as illustrated in Fig.4, accordingly as the pair or group of drums is exerting toohigh or toolow a'tension on the band.

According to the invention there is provided a control of the drive,such that it is possible to start the whole installation by "means of asingle starter. Moreover, for

can be brought into a uniformly slow motion. This point willbe enlargedupon hereinafter. g

(7 A further feature of the invention is that the band isconducted,after the drying operation, directlyto a. heckling apparatus Q), r r (-8As the last member of the chain of apparatus and as the last feature ofthe invention is to be mentioned a winder (R) follow- 5 ing directl V onthe heckling apparatus. This in-known manner so that it winds 4 is a therunning band constantl" without slack, so that the band is maintaineunder gentle tenslon but such as will} not injure it. Any

roller, drum, or reel may be used as the 're-- ceiving device of thiswinder. The and stopping ofthe apparatus is as follows i The whole ofthe path for the band of fibers over the drums is mapped out by a strongelastic stretched cordor band, for instance of rubber, before thespinning nozzlesare set in action. Thisband must be elastig an 1 whichoccur in the band 0 fibers so that it sufier the stretchin and arecalculated for in the apparatus.

The end of this elastic band extendsto the When there has I been ap lied.to this auxlli m1 the whole or a su cient portion or th spun theauxiliary draft reel (E l rails (L, L, Figs. 1, 5 and 6) having smoothB6 preparing for starting, the whole apparatus complete washing anddrying portions of the apparatus are put gradually into motion, and Ithe collected bundle of fibers after the cutting are brought togetherwith the end of the 2) The observation of the tensions whichoccur in thehand between the drums.

3) The general superintendence necessary I for machinery, such ascontrolling thesupply of steam and liquid, oiling and cleaning. 4) Theattention require by the final winder or winders. p What I claim is zja 1. A device for guiding and washing a continuously spun moving bundleof artificial fibers on itsway from a plurality ofspinning nozzles tothe drying'device comprising a rail, said rail being provided withprojectionsadapted to subdivide said bundle of filaments when travellingacross said r "1, means .for

discharging afluid along the s rface of said rail contacting with saibundle, and a 0011.

duit within said rail-for leading said fluid to said discharging means.

2. Apparatus for washing and drying a continuously spun untwisted bundleof. arti-- ficial fibers, comprising, in operative combiin and adaptedto receive said bundle and to carry it forward in a helical path, atleast one comb rail placed in an intermediate position between said'pairor pairs of drums in such a manner as to engage the projections ofnation, at least one pair of rotatable drums or pulleys capable of beingheated from with said comb rail with said bundle when moving,

means for supplying a fluid through said comb rail, means fordischarging said fluid through at least some of the projections of saidcomb rail into said movin bundle and means for pressing said comb raiagainst said moving bundle so as to maintain a predator mined tensioninsaid bundle.

ADOLF KAMPF.

. 1 T In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.

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